Ketamine has been safely used as an anesthetic and analgesic for pain control for over 50 years. It is one of the most widely used anesthetics in the world due to its safety profile and efficacy. It is classified as a dissociative anesthetic, dissociation meaning a sense of disconnection from one’s ordinary reality and usual self. Current clinical research has found it effective for the treatment of mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, alcoholism, substance dependencies, PTSD, and OCD.
How does it work?
The current understanding of Ketamine’s main mode of action is as an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist working through the glutamate neurotransmitter system. Glutamate is an excitatory messenger in our brains that turns on the brain cells and triggers electrical impulses. Ketamine binds to the NMDA receptors, decreasing glutamate production, which helps build new synapses in the neurons. Regenerating these neural connections physically helps return the brain to more normal functioning. It allows the brain to be more adaptable and improves memory and our learning ability. Also, when the NMDA receptors are blocked, it protects the brain against damage. Other receptors in our brains are affected, such as the opioid and dopamine receptors, which contribute to Ketamine’s pain relief, anti-anxiety, and antidepressant effects.
Ketamine also helps build new neuronal pathways by stimulating the production of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF). This creates neuroplasticity, which mediates our active coping mechanisms, increasing our brain's ability to adapt and be more resilient. Neuroplasticity improves our memory and enhances our ability for new learning but, more importantly, unlearn maladaptive, ridged thinking behaviors. This allows our brain to “re-wire” itself and physically change on a cellular level.
The positive shifts in behavior, attitudes, and perspectives are sustained long after the sessions are over and will continue for weeks to months following your sessions. Research has shown that Integration is a crucial component in prolonging the positive effects of Ketamine.
Integration is the process of taking all the parts and making them whole again, surrounding the timeframe of the Ketamine sessions. It helps the Ketamine experience make sense to the individual.
It begins with preparing the mind and body for the session, improving the client's comfort level, and building trust in the entire process. Integration of the content during the session creates a higher level of understanding of the experience. It helps apply new meaning to the new lessons as we weave them back into our daily lives. The experience fades over time, and the Integration process gives upgraded insight into our lives, supporting changes in behavior, underlying beliefs, thought patterns, and emotional regulation. This creates resilience and, therefore, lasting results from the Ketamine session.
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